The complex Grothendieck constant (often denoted KGC) is the smallest number C10b such that, for every m,n≥1 and every complex matrix A=(aij)∈Cm×n,
u1,…,um∈S∞v1,…,vn∈S∞maxi=1∑mj=1∑naij⟨ui,vj⟩ ≤ C10b ∣s1∣=⋯=∣sm∣=1∣t1∣=⋯=∣tn∣=1maxi=1∑mj=1∑naijsitj.
Here S∞ denotes the unit sphere in a (complex) Hilbert space, ⟨⋅,⋅⟩ is the Hermitian inner product, and t1,…,tn,s1,…,sm are complex numbers.