Given a full classical description of an arbitrary reference state σ and copies of an unknown N-qubit state ρ, determine the optimal copy complexity of testing ρ=σ versus ∥ρ−σ∥1≥ε, with success at least 2/3, using adaptive single-qubit Pauli measurements and no entangling measurements within or across copies. Seek matching instance-dependent bounds and the accompanying classical running time.